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Abstract
GESTIONE DEL SONNO E LUNGO RAGGIO NELLE LINEE AEREE CIVILI
Philippe Cabon
Univeristè de Paris “Descartes”, Paris
Fatigue is known to be one of the most critical factors for aviation safety. This paper describes a research that aims at providing the overall scientific basis to implement a Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS) for the French regional airlines. The developed FRMS structure mirrored the four essential components of Safety Management System (SMS): the Fatigue policy and objectives, the Fatigue Risk Management, the Fatigue Safety assurance and the Fatigue Safety promotion. The current research has evaluated the use of different tools and indicators that would be relevant candidate to be integrated into the FRMS. For the Fatigue Risk Management component, results show that biomathematical models of fatigue are useful tool to help an airline to prevent fatigue for the roster design and for the management of aircrew planning. The Fatigue Safety assurance includes 2 monitoring processes that have been evaluated during this research: a systematic monitoring and a focused monitoring. The systematic monitoring consists of the analysis of existing safety indicators such as Air Safety Reports (ASR) and Flight Data Monitoring (FDM). Results show a significant relationship between the hours of work and the frequency of ASR. Results for the FDM analysis show that some events are significantly related to the fatigue risk associated with the hours of works. The focused monitoring includes a website survey and specific in-flight observations and data collection. Sleep and fatigue measurements have been collected on 115 aircrews over 12-day periods (including rest periods). Before morning duties, results show a significant sleep reduction up to 40% of the usual sleep needs leading to a clear increase of fatigue during flights. From these results, specific guidelines are developed to help the airlines to implement the FRMS and for the airworthiness to oversight the implementation of the FRMS process.